锂电池——三菱的PHEV事故
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发表于 2013/5/27 15:36:23
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三菱的电池问题，算是告一段落了，在这里总结一下这次的事情。
1.事件的开端
Mitsubishi reports fire in i-MiEV battery pack, melting in Outlander PHEV pack
Mitsubishi Motors reported two separate incidents with Li-ion battery packs: one, a fire in a i-MiEV battery pack at the Mizushima battery pack assembly plant; the other, heating and melting in a pack installed in an Outlander plug-in hybrid electric vehicle.
In the Mizushima event, the pack was connected to charge-discharge test equipment. There was no injury to personnel, or damage to the main plant building and equipment.
Mitsubishi noted that the supplier, GS Yuasa, had made a change in its manufacturing process, and that since there is a possibility of failures that may occur in this context, it is investigating in collaboration with GS Yuasa. Mitsubishi has shipped 45 units (for specified corporations) and 68 units of that type of pack for the domestic market as spare parts.
The incident with the Outlander PHEV occurred after the vehicle had been fully charged and stood for one day. Upon trying to move the vehicle, the driver detected an odor, which was traced to melting of part of the battery pack.
The melting was traced to the overheating of some of the battery cells—also supplied by GS Yuasa.
三菱汽车于2013年3月27日发布公告称，纯电动汽车（EV）和插电式混合动力车（PHEV）的车载电池分别发生了起火和发热的情况。
3月18日，在三菱汽车水岛制作所的EV用电池组组装工厂内，一个“i-MiEV”用16kWh电池组出现过热和冒烟现象，约1个小时后起火。
3月21日，在销售公司充电的PHEV“欧蓝德PHEV”配备的电池组发热，电池单元和电池组的一部分熔毁。
官方通告：Mitsubishi Motors Reports Instance of a Battery Pack Fire at its Mizushima Plant, Investigation
2.电池的情况
这次三菱汽车的事件，还是引起了比较大的震动，有很多的报道此次事件，主要是电池的供应商是GS Yuasa，波音的事件余波未了。
Mitsubishi asks customers not to charge Outlander
Li-ion Batteries from GS Yuasa Involved in Two Overheating Incidents in Mitsubishi EVs
Lithium-Ion Batteries Overheated in Mitsubishi Vehicles
Battery Issue Solved, Mitsubishi Outlander Plug-In Hybrid Production To Double
3.调查
初步筛查
初步调查事故的时候，发现电池组的一部分有熔毁痕迹，对熔毁的电池实物进行确认后发现，配备的80个电池单元中有一个单元因故过热，导致周边单元熔毁。电池组将80个单元分三组设置，只有其中一组有熔毁痕迹。出现问题的电池组配备的都是Lithium Energy Japan公司生产的50Ah电池单元。起火的EV电池单元的生产线进行过工序变更，可能是由此引发了故障。
进一步筛查
2013年4月10日公布调查过程，表示原因是在筛选检查工序中向设备放置电池单元时，受到了过大的冲击该。
后续筛查
Mitsubishi Motors Announces Findings of Investigations into Drive Battery Issues in Outlander PHEV and Other Electric Vehicles
三菱汽车公布的电池单元内部短路的原因是，在电池单元生产线2012年12月新导入的筛选检查工序中
（1）作业时使电池单元落到地上、造成过大冲击，导致正极的集电体发生变形；===》估计发生熔损的事例
（2）筛选检查时实施的振动比当初的设计大4倍左右，导致内部产生金属片====》估计只发生内部短路而未熔损的事例
三菱汽车针对（1）、（2）两个问题分别试制了300个和100个电池单元并进行试验，确认了相关现象。
1. Conclusion of Findings
The joint investigation revealed that the battery cell defect originated from a part of the supplier's manufacturing line, resulting in short-circuited battery cells. The defect occurred in a screening process that was added to the manufacturing line in December 2012. It was found that during this screening process the shape of an internal part of the battery cell was altered and some microscopic contaminants were generated as a result of battery cells being exposed to excessive force.
2. Removal of Screening Process
The screening process where the defect was occurring has been removed.
A new screening process introduced at the supplier production line was reported to cause malfunction in the batteries.
以上的过程整理自：
1.三菱汽车EV和PHEV的电池恐起火及发热，原因很可能出自电池单元生产线
2.欧蓝德PHEV电池故障调查结果：主因可能是筛选检查造成的变形
3.三菱汽车社长反省质量问题：“员工没有认识到自己工作的重要性”
4.三菱汽车公布PHEV电池故障调查结果：原因在于电池单元落地冲击造成的变形
经过以上的折腾，这事情差不多就算完了，可以看出，三菱额反应是相当迅速的。
1.电池出事故，将会造成极大的影响，所以迅速定位问题，解决问题是最关键的。比如建议客户不要充电，发布实时信息（3月27日，4月10日和4月24日）。
2.召回车辆进行处理，其实这次举动也是颇费成本的，对每个电池包需要进行检测和检测异常，不知道是否采用新的来代替。
Mitsubishi Motors will announce recalls of all 4,305 of the Outlander plug-in hybrids it has sold since the vehicle went on sale in January, as well as 115 electric vehicles including the i-MiEV, once it decides how to prevent the manufacturing error.
这次还有一些软件问题，三菱果然是日本汽车产业“先锋”毛糙的代表。
In addition, Mitsubishi announced several other recalls this week for the Outlander PHEV that are unrelated to the battery issues. Among them is a recall of 3,839 vehicles due to potential problems with the control programs for the Front Power Drive Unit (PDU) and Rear Motor Control Unit (MCU), see right. It is possible the vehicle will not start, or it may depress the accelerator pedal causing the vehicle to move suddenly. The ECU also needs to be reprogrammed to address various issues.
